LOGO OF THE INSTITUTION OMBUDSMEN OF THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA


KEY EVENTS IN BOSNIA IN 1994 AND 1995, WITH ANNOTATIONS OF CSCE/OSCE MISSION & FEDERATION OMBUDSMEN ACTIVITY.
1994
---- Feb. 5 - Sixty-eight people killed when mortar slams into Sarajevo marketplace.

Feb. 9 - NATO gives Bosnian Serbs 10 days to withdraw heavy guns from Sarajevo region or face air strikes.

Feb. 17 - Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic agrees to remove guns if Russian soldiers join U.N. peacekeeping mission.

Feb. 20 - Four hundred Russian peacekeepers arrive in Sarajevo area. NATO deadline expires; United Nations says it is satisfied heavy guns are being removed.

Feb. 28 - U.S. F-16 fighters, flying for NATO, down four Bosnian Serb warplanes violating "no-fly" zone over Bosnia. The shots were the first fired in alliance history.

March 18 - Bosnia's Muslim-led government and Bosnian Croats sign U.S.-brokered accord.

March 30 - Constitution of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina enters into force.

April 10 - Two U.S. Air Force F-16s, flying for NATO, bomb Bosnian Serb tank and command post near government-held Gorazde.

April 11 - Two U.S. Marine FA-18s attack Bosnian Serb tank and armored personnel carriers near Gorazde.

May 13 - International mediators announce new peace plan.

July 20 - Serbs reject plan.

July 21 - U.S. civilian wounded when gunfire hits a U.N. plane at Sarajevo airport, forcing suspension of the airlift. Defense Secretary William Perry cancels Sarajevo visit.

Aug. 17 - CSCE Advance Team under Charles B. Smith, Jr. arrives by UN aircraft in Sarajevo to prepare for opening of CSCE Mission; Aug. 29 occupies temporary quarters in UNIS complex.

Sept. 5 - Fourth Special OSCE Mission under Swedish Ambassador Eric Pierre arrives in Sarajevo by UN aircraft to complete interviews of candidates for Federation Ombudsmen.

Sept. 6 - Pope postpones much-publicized trip to Sarajevo.

Sept. 20 - Two NATO British Jaguars and American A-10s attack Serb tank near Sarajevo in retaliation for Serb attacks on French peacekeepers.

October 31 - First Head of Mission (HoM), Hanspeter Kleiner of Switzerland, arrives by UN aircraft in Sarajevo to officially open the CSCE Mission in Sarajevo.

Nov. 18 - United Nations says two Croatian Serb fighter planes attacked U.N.-protected town of Bihac in the northwest.

Nov. 21 - NATO launches largest military action in its history but fail to take out Serb jets at a Croatian Serb air base.

Nov. 25 - Serbs detain 55 Canadian peacekeepers against further air strikes. NATO attempts air strike on Serb positions near Bihac, mission called off for darkness.

Nov. 29 - United Nations says more than 400 peacekeepers detained.

Dec. 18 - HoM Kleiner returns to Sarajevo by road through Serb checkpoints after four week absence due to closing of airport.

Dec. 20 - Former President Carter ends two-day mediating mission with announcement of nationwide cease-fire.

Dec. 26 - After five week absence, Deputy Head of Mission (DHoM) Smith returns to Sarajevo by air after airport opens.

1995
---- Jan. 1 - Four-month truce takes effect.

Jan. 2 - Former CSCE, now OSCE HoM Kleiner announces naming of three Federation Ombudsmen to protect human rights at Sarajevo news conference.

Jan. 20 - OSCE Chairman in Office and Hungarian Foreign Minister Laszlo Kovacs officially inaugurates the three Federation Ombudsmen in ceremony at Bosnian Presidency Building in Sarajevo.

c.Jan. 25 - Ombudsmen and OSCE Mission occupy new office space in UNIS tower.

Feb. 13 - International tribunal indicts 21 Serbs on war crimes charges in Bosnia.

c.March 20 - Federation Ombudsmen and HoM Kleiner depart Sarajevo by armoured car to inaugurate the Ombudsmen's branch office in Mostar.

March 23 - Bosnian army launches major offensive near government-held Tuzla.

April 8 - U.S. aid plane hit by gunfire, all U.N. aid flights to Sarajevo canceled.

April 24 - War crimes tribunal formally names Karadzic, the Bosnian Serb military leader and the reputed head of Bosnian Serb secret police as war crimes suspects.

May 1 - Cease-fire expires.

May 4 - Second OSCE Head of Mission, Ambassador Skjold Mellbin of Denmark arrives in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

May 5 - Federation Ombudsmen and OSCE Mission move their offices from UNIS Complex (threatened by new hostilities) to new site in Old Town near Cathedral.

May 24 - U.N. commander in Bosnia orders Serbs to return heavy weapons taken from U.N. collection sites and withdraw all heavy weapons from around Sarajevo.

May 25 - NATO attacks Bosnian Serb ammunition depot after Serbs fail to comply with U.N. ultimatum. Serbs shell U.N.-protected towns, killing 76 people.

May 26 - NATO warplanes attack additional Serb ammunition depots. Serbs take U.N. peacekeepers hostage.

May 27 - Serbs invade all nine U.N.-monitored weapons collection sites around Sarajevo, seizing more than 250 weapons and U.N. peacekeepers. Two French peacekeepers killed after attempting to retake Sarajevo bridge.

May 28 - Serbs capture 33 British peacekeepers in Gorazde after storming a U.N. observation post, bringing total number of U.N. hostages to more than 350. France dispatches aircraft carrier to Adriatic; Britain orders 6,000 more troops to Bosnia; United States positions 2,000 U.S. Marines aboard an aircraft carrier in the Adriatic.

May 31 - Ombudsman Muhibic and DHoM Smith return to Sarajevo over Mount Igman in OSCE armored Land Rover. On last part of Igman road, car fired on and damaged by rebel Serb anti-aircraft guns.

June 14-15 - Ombudsmen's Office and OSCE Mission join Bosnian government offices in closing down under severe shelling by Karadzic/Mladic forces.

June 23 - Federation Ombudsmen depart Sarajevo via Igman Road for visits to central Bosnia and Herzegovina. As series of international vehicles begin Igman transit, rebel Serb guns fire on French APCs transporting UN's Stoltenberg and EU's Bildt, and on journalists' vehicles, with no hits.

June 29 - Ombudsmen visit Kakanj and Kraljeva Sutjeska.

c.June 30 - Ombudsmen with HoM Mellbin call on Zenica leadership.

July 1 - Ombudsman with DHoM Smith call on Federation Vice President Ganic, recovering from car accident in Split Hospital.

July 3 - Ombudsmen call on Cardinal Franjo Kuharic in Zagreb.

July 4 - Ombudsmen visit Bosnian-controlled Posavina with Federation Justice Minister Mato Tadic.

Mid-July - Serb troops threaten safe areas.

July 17 - Ombudsman Raguz and DHoM Smith call on Federation President Zubak in Mostar.

Aug 19 - Three U.S. peace mission members killed in accident on Igman Road.

Aug. 28 - Over 37 people killed when mortar slams into crowd behind Sarajevo indoor market.

Aug 30 - NATO begins massive bombing of rebel Serb military targets.

Oct 12 - Cease-fire takes effect.

Nov 13 - International War Crimes Tribunal issues war crimes indictments of Bosnian Croat leaders Dario Kordic and Tihomir Blaskic.

Nov 21 - Dayton Agreement initialed.

Dec 14 - Dayton Agreement signed in Paris.

Dec 20 - United Nations transfers authority in Bosnia to NATO-led International Force (IFOR).

 


 

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